useful recursive PHP functions

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PHP Manual for

LXXXVI. Program Execution Functions

Introduction

Those functions provides means to executes commands on the system itself, and means secure such commands.

Requirements

No external libraries are needed to build this extension.

Installation

There is no installation needed to use these functions; they are part of the PHP core.

Runtime Configuration

This extension has no configuration directives defined in php.ini.

Resource Types

This extension has no resource types defined.

Predefined Constants

This extension has no constants defined.

See Also

These functions are also closely related to the backtick operator. Also, while in safe mode you must consider the safe_mode_exec_dir directive.

Table of Contents escapeshellarg -- escape a string to be used as a shell argumentescapeshellcmd -- escape shell metacharactersexec -- Execute an external programpassthru --  Execute an external program and display raw outputproc_close --  Close a process opened by proc_open() and return the exit code of that process.proc_get_status --  Get information about a process opened by proc_open()proc_nice --  Change the priority of the current processproc_open --  Execute a command and open file pointers for input/outputproc_terminate --  kills a process opened by proc_openshell_exec --  Execute command via shell and return the complete output as a stringsystem -- Execute an external program and display the output

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